A Morphological Study of Basmalah Words (In the Name of Allah the Most Gracious Compassionate) إعداد الدكتور/ حمود ناصر نصار(1)

Abstract

The word ''Basmalah'' has received the attention of many scholars. The researcher's morphological reading was intended to answer some questions about its morphological aspects. In this paper، the researcher explored ''basmalah'' derivational structures and roots، surveying the views of linguists، grammarians، exegetists as well as the opinions of researchers and modern linguists. These scholars and researchers have different opinions about basmalah morphological structures and changes such as elision، substitution، assimilation and change، including its variations on hearing and analogical basis as well as the influence of prefixes and suffixes and structural level on such structures of basmalah. All these aspects required a deep study and analysis of the views of the old and modern linguists.

This paper starts with an introduction، including the study significance، questions، rationale and methodology. This is followed by a morphological analysis of basmalah structures in the light of the following axes:

1-The word 'Ism'(name)as Bilateral/Trilateral Root Noun

2-The word 'Allah' as Defective، Derivational and Loan Word

3-The word 'Al-Rahman' (Most Gracious) as an Adjective and as a Loan Word

4-The Word 'Al-Raheem (Most Compassionate) as Exaggerating andMushabbah Adjective

The researcher arrived at important findings about basmalah structures، its derivational roots، morphological basis in the light of analogy and rules and linguistic usage as well as its morphological peculiarities due to its relevance to the description of Allah، the Almighty as stated in Holy Qur'an '' Nothing is as His likeness and He is the hearer and seer'' (Al-Shura'a: 11).